Define "harmonics" in the context of electrical systems.

Harmonics in electrical systems refer to frequencies that are integer multiples of a fundamental frequency. When an electrical signal is generated, it often contains a primary frequency called the fundamental frequency. However, due to non-linearities in the system, such as in electronic devices or power converters, additional frequencies can be produced. These additional frequencies are harmonics and can be represented as 2f, 3f, 4f, etc., where 'f' is the fundamental frequency.

Understanding harmonics is crucial because they can lead to various issues in electrical systems, including increased power losses, overheating, and distortion in signal quality. The presence of harmonics can also affect the operation of motors and other equipment, leading to inefficiencies and potential damage if not properly managed. Therefore, knowledge of harmonics is essential for designing and maintaining efficient electrical systems.